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我按照官网上的教程走了一遍，最后连接上蓝牙却无法让它动起来，这是怎么回事啊？？？
还有，arduino编译成功后显示 ‘可用内存偏低，可能出现稳定性问题’，这个该如何优化代码？？？
代码如下：
//----------------------------------------------------------------
//-- Zowi basic firmware v2 adapted to Otto
//-- (c) BQ. Released under a GPL licencse
//-- 04 December 2015
//-- Authors: Anita de Prado: ana.deprado@bq.com
//-- Jose Alberca: jose.alberca@bq.com
//-- Javier Isabel: javier.isabel@bq.com
//-- Juan Gonzalez (obijuan): juan.gonzalez@bq.com
//-- Irene Sanz : irene.sanz@bq.com
//-----------------------------------------------------------------
//-- Experiment with all the features that Otto has thanks to Zowi!
//-----------------------------------------------------------------
//-- FEBRUARY 2017: modified for OTTO with MAX7219 MATRIX LED module
//-- allows OTTO to work with ZOWI APP
//-- Jason Snow
//-- JANUARY 2018: modified for new OTTO App
//-- Jason Snow
//-----------------------------------------------------------------
#include <BatReader.h>
#include <US.h>
#include "MaxMatrix.h"
MaxMatrix ledmatrix=MaxMatrix(12,10,11, 1); //PIN 12=DIN, PIN 10=CS, PIN 11=CLK
//-- Library to manage serial commands
#include <OttoSerialCommand.h>
OttoSerialCommand SCmd; //The SerialCommand object
//-- Otto Library
#include <Otto.h>
Otto Otto; //This is Otto!
//---------------------------------------------------------
//-- First step: Configure the pins where the servos are attached
/*
---------------
| O O |
|---------------|
YR 3==> | | <== YL 2
---------------
|| ||
|| ||
RR 5==> ----- ------ <== RL 4
|----- ------|
*/
#define PIN_YL 2 //servo[0]
#define PIN_YR 3 //servo[1]
#define PIN_RL 4 //servo[2]
#define PIN_RR 5 //servo[3]
// buzzer connected to pin 13
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//-- Global Variables -------------------------------------------//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
const char programID[]="Otto_APP_1"; //Each program will have a ID
const char name_fac='$'; //Factory name
const char name_fir='#'; //First name
//-- Movement parameters
int T=1000; //Initial duration of movement
int moveId=0; //Number of movement
int modeId=0; //Number of mode
int moveSize=15; //Asociated with the height of some movements
//---------------------------------------------------------
//-- Otto has 5 modes:
//-- * MODE = 0: Otto is awaiting
//-- * MODE = 1: Dancing mode!
//-- * MODE = 2: Obstacle detector mode
//-- * MODE = 3: Noise detector mode
//-- * MODE = 4: OttoPAD or any Teleoperation mode (listening SerialPort).
//---------------------------------------------------------
volatile int MODE=0; //State of Otto in the principal state machine.
unsigned long previousMillis=0;
int randomDance=0;
int randomSteps=0;
int REDled = 0;
int GREENled = 0;
int BLUEled = 0;
bool obstacleDetected = false;
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//-- Setup ------------------------------------------------------//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void setup(){
//Serial communication initialization
Serial.begin(9600);
//Set the servo pins
Otto.init(PIN_YL,PIN_YR,PIN_RL,PIN_RR,true);
// set up Matrix display
ledmatrix.init();
ledmatrix.setIntensity(1);
//Set a random seed
randomSeed(analogRead(A6));
//Setup callbacks for SerialCommand commands
SCmd.addCommand("S", receiveStop); // sendAck & sendFinalAck
SCmd.addCommand("L", receiveLED); // sendAck & sendFinalAck
SCmd.addCommand("T", recieveBuzzer); // sendAck & sendFinalAck
SCmd.addCommand("M", receiveMovement); // sendAck & sendFinalAck
SCmd.addCommand("H", receiveGesture); // sendAck & sendFinalAck
SCmd.addCommand("K", receiveSing); // sendAck & sendFinalAck
SCmd.addCommand("C", receiveTrims); // sendAck & sendFinalAck
SCmd.addCommand("G", receiveServo); // sendAck & sendFinalAck
SCmd.addCommand("R", receiveName); // sendAck & sendFinalAck
SCmd.addCommand("E", requestName);
SCmd.addCommand("D", requestDistance);
SCmd.addCommand("N", requestNoise);
SCmd.addCommand("B", requestBattery); //
SCmd.addCommand("I", requestProgramId);
SCmd.addCommand("J", requestMode);
SCmd.addCommand(" ", requestRGB);
SCmd.addDefaultHandler(receiveStop);
//Otto wake up!
Otto.sing(S_connection);
Otto.home();
// Animation Uuuuuh - A little moment of initial surprise
//-----
for(int i=0; i<2; i++){
for (int i=0;i<8;i++){
Otto.putAnimationMouth(littleUuh,i);
delay(150);
}
}
//Smile for a happy Otto 
Otto.putMouth(smile);
Otto.sing(S_happy);
delay(200);
//If Otto's name is '#' means that Otto hasn't been baptized
//In this case, Otto does a longer greeting
//5 = EEPROM address that contains first name character
if (EEPROM.read(5)==name_fir){
Otto.jump(1,700);
delay(200);
Otto.shakeLeg(1,T,1);
Otto.putMouth(smallSurprise);
Otto.swing(2,800,20);
Otto.home();
}
Otto.putMouth(happyOpen);
previousMillis = millis();
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//-- Principal Loop ---------------------------------------------//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void loop() {
if (Serial.available()>0 && MODE!=4){
// test
SCmd.readSerial();
//MODE=4;
Otto.putMouth(happyOpen);
}
switch (MODE) {
//-- MODE 0 - Otto is awaiting
//---------------------------------------------------------
case 0:
//Every 80 seconds in this mode, Otto falls asleep
if (millis()-previousMillis>=80000){
OttoSleeping_withInterrupts(); //ZZzzzzz...
previousMillis=millis();
}
break;
//-- MODE 1 - Dance Mode!
//---------------------------------------------------------
case 1:
randomDance=random(5,21); //5,20
if((randomDance>14)&&(randomDance<19)){
randomSteps=1;
T=1600;
}
else{
randomSteps=random(3,6); //3,5
T=1000;
}
Otto.putMouth(random(10,21));
for (int i=0;i<randomSteps;i++){
move(randomDance);
}
break;
//-- MODE 2 - Obstacle detector mode
//---------------------------------------------------------
case 2:
if(obstacleDetected){
Otto.putMouth(bigSurprise);
Otto.sing(S_surprise);
Otto.jump(5, 500);
Otto.putMouth(confused);
Otto.sing(S_cuddly);
//Otto takes two steps back
for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
Otto.walk(1,1300,-1);
}
delay(100);
obstacleDetector();
delay(100);
//If there are no obstacles and no button is pressed, Otto shows a smile
if(obstacleDetected==true){break;}
else{
Otto.putMouth(smile);
delay(50);
obstacleDetector();
}
//If there are no obstacles and no button is pressed, Otto shows turns left
for(int i=0; i<3; i++){
if(obstacleDetected==true){break;}
else{
Otto.turn(1,1000,1);
obstacleDetector();
}
}
//If there are no obstacles and no button is pressed, Otto is happy
if(obstacleDetected==true){break;}
else{
Otto.home();
Otto.putMouth(happyOpen);
Otto.sing(S_happy_short);
delay(200);
}
}else{
Otto.walk(1,1000,1); //Otto walk straight
obstacleDetector();
}
break;
//-- MODE 3 - Noise detector mode
//---------------------------------------------------------
case 3:
if (Otto.getNoise()>=650){ //740
delay(50); //Wait for the possible 'lag' of the button interruptions.
//Sometimes, the noise sensor detect the button before the interruption takes efect
Otto.putMouth(bigSurprise);
Otto.sing(S_OhOoh);
Otto.putMouth(random(10,21));
randomDance=random(5,21);
move(randomDance);
Otto.home();
delay(500); //Wait for possible noise of the servos while get home
Otto.putMouth(happyOpen);
}
break;
//-- MODE 4 - OttoPAD or any Teleoperation mode (listening SerialPort)
//---------------------------------------------------------
case 4:
SCmd.readSerial();
//If Otto is moving yet
if (Otto.getRestState()==false){
move(moveId);
}
break;
default:
MODE=0;
break;
}
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//-- Functions --------------------------------------------------//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//-- Function to read distance sensor & to actualize obstacleDetected variable
void obstacleDetector(){
int distance = Otto.getDistance();
if(distance<15){
obstacleDetected = true;
}else{
obstacleDetected = false;
}
}
//-- Function to receive Stop command.
void receiveStop(){
sendAck();
Otto.home();
sendFinalAck();
}
//-- Function to receive LED commands
void receiveLED(){
//sendAck & stop if necessary
sendAck();
Otto.home();
//Examples of receiveLED Bluetooth commands
//L 000000001000010100100011000000000
//L 001111111111111111111111111111111 (todos los LED encendidos)
unsigned long int matrix;
char *arg;
char *endstr;
arg=SCmd.next();
//Serial.println (arg);
if (arg != NULL) {
matrix=strtoul(arg,&endstr,2); // Converts a char string to unsigned long integer
Otto.putMouth(matrix,false);
}else{
Otto.putMouth(xMouth);
delay(2000);
Otto.clearMouth();
}
sendFinalAck();
}
//-- Function to receive buzzer commands
void recieveBuzzer(){
//sendAck & stop if necessary
sendAck();
Otto.home();
bool error = false;
int frec;
int duration;
char *arg;
arg = SCmd.next();
if (arg != NULL) { frec=atoi(arg); } // Converts a char string to an integer
else {error=true;}
arg = SCmd.next();
if (arg != NULL) { duration=atoi(arg); } // Converts a char string to an integer
else {error=true;}
if(error==true){
Otto.putMouth(xMouth);
delay(2000);
Otto.clearMouth();
}else{
Otto._tone(frec, duration, 1);
}
sendFinalAck();
}
//-- Function to receive TRims commands
void receiveTrims(){
//sendAck & stop if necessary
sendAck();
Otto.home();
int trim_YL,trim_YR,trim_RL,trim_RR;
//Definition of Servo Bluetooth command
//C trim_YL trim_YR trim_RL trim_RR
//Examples of receiveTrims Bluetooth commands
//C 20 0 -8 3
bool error = false;
char *arg;
arg=SCmd.next();
if (arg != NULL) { trim_YL=atoi(arg); } // Converts a char string to an integer
else {error=true;}
arg = SCmd.next();
if (arg != NULL) { trim_YR=atoi(arg); } // Converts a char string to an integer
else {error=true;}
arg = SCmd.next();
if (arg != NULL) { trim_RL=atoi(arg); } // Converts a char string to an integer
else {error=true;}
arg = SCmd.next();
if (arg != NULL) { trim_RR=atoi(arg); } // Converts a char string to an integer
else {error=true;}
if(error==true){
Otto.putMouth(xMouth);
delay(2000);
Otto.clearMouth();
}else{ //Save it on EEPROM
Otto.setTrims(trim_YL, trim_YR, trim_RL, trim_RR);
Otto.saveTrimsOnEEPROM(); //Uncomment this only for one upload when you finaly set the trims.
}
sendFinalAck();
}
//-- Function to receive Servo commands
void receiveServo(){
sendAck();
moveId = 30;
//Definition of Servo Bluetooth command
//G servo_YL servo_YR servo_RL servo_RR
//Example of receiveServo Bluetooth commands
//G 90 85 96 78
bool error = false;
char *arg;
int servo_YL,servo_YR,servo_RL,servo_RR;
arg=SCmd.next();
if (arg != NULL) { servo_YL=atoi(arg); } // Converts a char string to an integer
else {error=true;}
arg = SCmd.next();
if (arg != NULL) { servo_YR=atoi(arg); } // Converts a char string to an integer
else {error=true;}
arg = SCmd.next();
if (arg != NULL) { servo_RL=atoi(arg); } // Converts a char string to an integer
else {error=true;}
arg = SCmd.next();
if (arg != NULL) { servo_RR=atoi(arg); } // Converts a char string to an integer
else {error=true;}
if(error==true){
Otto.putMouth(xMouth);
delay(2000);
Otto.clearMouth();
}else{ //Update Servo:
int servoPos[4]={servo_YL, servo_YR, servo_RL, servo_RR};
Otto._moveServos(200, servoPos); //Move 200ms
}
sendFinalAck();
}
//-- Function to receive movement commands
void receiveMovement(){
sendAck();
if (Otto.getRestState()==true){
Otto.setRestState(false);
}
//Definition of Movement Bluetooth commands
//M MoveID T MoveSize
char *arg;
arg = SCmd.next();
if (arg != NULL) {moveId=atoi(arg);}
else{
Otto.putMouth(xMouth);
delay(2000);
Otto.clearMouth();
moveId=0; //stop
}
arg = SCmd.next();
if (arg != NULL) {T=atoi(arg);}
else{
T=1000;
}
arg = SCmd.next();
if (arg != NULL) {moveSize=atoi(arg);}
else{
moveSize =15;
}
}
//-- Function to execute the right movement according the movement command received.
void move(int moveId){
bool manualMode = false;
switch (moveId) {
case 0:
Otto.home();
break;
case 1: //M 1 1000
Otto.walk(1,T,1);
break;
case 2: //M 2 1000
Otto.walk(1,T,-1);
break;
case 3: //M 3 1000
Otto.turn(1,T,1);
break;
case 4: //M 4 1000
Otto.turn(1,T,-1);
break;
case 5: //M 5 1000 30
Otto.updown(1,T,moveSize);
break;
case 6: //M 6 1000 30
Otto.moonwalker(1,T,moveSize,1);
break;
case 7: //M 7 1000 30
Otto.moonwalker(1,T,moveSize,-1);
break;
case 8: //M 8 1000 30
Otto.swing(1,T,moveSize);
break;
case 9: //M 9 1000 30
Otto.crusaito(1,T,moveSize,1);
break;
case 10: //M 10 1000 30
Otto.crusaito(1,T,moveSize,-1);
break;
case 11: //M 11 1000
Otto.jump(1,T);
break;
case 12: //M 12 1000 30
Otto.flapping(1,T,moveSize,1);
break;
case 13: //M 13 1000 30
Otto.flapping(1,T,moveSize,-1);
break;
case 14: //M 14 1000 20
Otto.tiptoeSwing(1,T,moveSize);
break;
case 15: //M 15 500
Otto.bend(1,T,1);
break;
case 16: //M 16 500
Otto.bend(1,T,-1);
break;
case 17: //M 17 500
Otto.shakeLeg(1,T,1);
break;
case 18: //M 18 500
Otto.shakeLeg(1,T,-1);
break;
case 19: //M 19 500 20
Otto.jitter(1,T,moveSize);
break;
case 20: //M 20 500 15
Otto.ascendingTurn(1,T,moveSize);
break;
default:
manualMode = true;
break;
}
if(!manualMode){
sendFinalAck();
}
}
//-- Function to receive gesture commands
void receiveGesture(){
//sendAck & stop if necessary
sendAck();
Otto.home();
//Definition of Gesture Bluetooth commands
//H GestureID
int gesture = 0;
char *arg;
arg = SCmd.next();
if (arg != NULL) {gesture=atoi(arg);}
else
{
//Otto.putMouth(xMouth);
delay(2000);
//Otto.clearMouth();
}
switch (gesture) {
case 1: //H 1
Otto.playGesture(OttoHappy);
break;
case 2: //H 2
Otto.playGesture(OttoSuperHappy);
break;
case 3: //H 3
Otto.playGesture(OttoSad);
break;
case 4: //H 4
Otto.playGesture(OttoSleeping);
break;
case 5: //H 5
Otto.playGesture(OttoFart);
break;
case 6: //H 6
Otto.playGesture(OttoConfused);
break;
case 7: //H 7
Otto.playGesture(OttoLove);
break;
case 8: //H 8
Otto.playGesture(OttoAngry);
break;
case 9: //H 9
Otto.playGesture(OttoFretful);
break;
case 10: //H 10
Otto.playGesture(OttoMagic);
break;
case 11: //H 11
Otto.playGesture(OttoWave);
break;
case 12: //H 12
Otto.playGesture(OttoVictory);
break;
case 13: //H 13
Otto.playGesture(OttoFail);
break;
default:
break;
}
sendFinalAck();
}
//-- Function to receive sing commands
void receiveSing(){
//sendAck & stop if necessary
sendAck();
Otto.home();
//Definition of Sing Bluetooth commands
//K SingID
int sing = 0;
char *arg;
arg = SCmd.next();
if (arg != NULL) {sing=atoi(arg);}
else
{
// Otto.putMouth(xMouth);
delay(2000);
//Otto.clearMouth();
}
switch (sing) {
case 1: //K 1
Otto.sing(S_connection);
break;
case 2: //K 2
Otto.sing(S_disconnection);
break;
case 3: //K 3
Otto.sing(S_surprise);
break;
case 4: //K 4
Otto.sing(S_OhOoh);
break;
case 5: //K 5
Otto.sing(S_OhOoh2);
break;
case 6: //K 6
Otto.sing(S_cuddly);
break;
case 7: //K 7
Otto.sing(S_sleeping);
break;
case 8: //K 8
Otto.sing(S_happy);
break;
case 9: //K 9
Otto.sing(S_superHappy);
break;
case 10: //K 10
Otto.sing(S_happy_short);
break;
case 11: //K 11
Otto.sing(S_sad);
break;
case 12: //K 12
Otto.sing(S_confused);
break;
case 13: //K 13
Otto.sing(S_fart1);
break;
case 14: //K 14
Otto.sing(S_fart2);
break;
case 15: //K 15
Otto.sing(S_fart3);
break;
case 16: //K 16
Otto.sing(S_mode1);
break;
case 17: //K 17
Otto.sing(S_mode2);
break;
case 18: //K 18
Otto.sing(S_mode3);
break;
case 19: //K 19
Otto.sing(S_buttonPushed);
break;
default:
break;
}
sendFinalAck();
}
//-- Function to receive Name command
void receiveName(){
//sendAck & stop if necessary
sendAck();
Otto.home();
char newOttoName[11] = ""; //Variable to store data read from Serial.
int eeAddress = 5; //Location we want the data to be in EEPROM.
char *arg;
arg = SCmd.next();
if (arg != NULL) {
//Complete newOttoName char string
int k = 0;
while((*arg) && (k<11)){
newOttoName[k]=*arg++;
k++;
}
EEPROM.put(eeAddress, newOttoName);
}
else
{
//Otto.putMouth(xMouth);
delay(2000);
//Otto.clearMouth();
}
sendFinalAck();
}
//-- Function to send Otto's name
void requestName(){
Otto.home(); //stop if necessary
char actualOttoName[11]= ""; //Variable to store data read from EEPROM.
int eeAddress = 5; //EEPROM address to start reading from
//Get the float data from the EEPROM at position 'eeAddress'
EEPROM.get(eeAddress, actualOttoName);
Serial.print(F("&&"));
Serial.print(F("E "));
Serial.print(actualOttoName);
Serial.println(F("%%"));
Serial.flush();
}
//-- Function to send ultrasonic sensor measure (distance in "cm")
void requestDistance(){
Otto.home(); //stop if necessary
int distance = Otto.getDistance();
Serial.print(F("&&"));
Serial.print(F("D "));
Serial.print(distance);
Serial.println(F("%%"));
Serial.flush();
}
//-- Function to send noise sensor measure
void requestNoise(){
Otto.home(); //stop if necessary
int microphone= Otto.getNoise(); //analogRead(PIN_NoiseSensor);
Serial.print(F("&&"));
Serial.print(F("N "));
Serial.print(microphone);
Serial.println(F("%%"));
Serial.flush();
}
//-- Function to send battery voltage percent
void requestBattery(){
Otto.home(); //stop if necessary
//The first read of the batery is often a wrong reading, so we will discard this value.
double batteryLevel = Otto.getBatteryLevel();
Serial.print(F("&&"));
Serial.print(F("B "));
Serial.print(batteryLevel);
Serial.println(F("%%"));
Serial.flush();
}
//-- Function to send program ID
void requestProgramId(){
Otto.home(); //stop if necessary
Serial.print(F("&&"));
Serial.print(F("I "));
Serial.print(programID);
Serial.println(F("%%"));
Serial.flush();
}
//-- Function to send Ack comand (A)
void sendAck(){
delay(30);
Serial.print(F("&&"));
Serial.print(F("A"));
Serial.println(F("%%"));
Serial.flush();
}
//-- Function to send final Ack comand (F)
void sendFinalAck(){
delay(30);
Serial.print(F("&&"));
Serial.print(F("F"));
Serial.println(F("%%"));
Serial.flush();
}
//-- Function to receive mode selection.
void requestMode(){
sendAck();
Otto.home();
//Definition of Mode Bluetooth commands
//J ModeID
char *arg;
arg = SCmd.next();
if (arg != NULL)
{
modeId=atoi(arg);
Otto.putMouth(heart);
}
else{
Otto.putMouth(xMouth);
delay(2000);
Otto.clearMouth();
modeId=0; //stop
}
switch (modeId) {
case 0: //
MODE = 0;
break;
case 1: //
MODE = 1;
Otto.sing(S_mode1);
Otto.putMouth(one);
delay(1000);
delay(200);
break;
case 2: //
MODE = 2;
Otto.sing(S_mode2);
Otto.putMouth(two);
delay(1000);
break;
case 3: //
MODE = 3;
Otto.sing(S_mode3);
Otto.putMouth(three);
delay(1000);
break;
case 4: //
Otto.sing(S_mode1);
Otto.putMouth(four);
delay(1000);
MODE = 4;
break;
default:
MODE = 0;
break;
}
sendFinalAck();
}
//-- Function to receive RGB colours.
void requestRGB(){
sendAck();
Otto.home();
//Definition of Mode Bluetooth commands
//J ModeID
char *arg;
arg = SCmd.next();
if (arg != NULL)
{
REDled=atoi(arg);
}
else{
Otto.putMouth(xMouth);
delay(2000);
Otto.clearMouth();
REDled=0; //stop
}
arg = SCmd.next();
if (arg != NULL) {GREENled=atoi(arg);}
else{
GREENled=0;
}
arg = SCmd.next();
if (arg != NULL) {BLUEled=atoi(arg);}
else{
BLUEled =0;
}
Otto.putMouth(okMouth);
delay(2000);
Otto.clearMouth();
}
//-- Functions with animatics
//--------------------------------------------------------
void OttoLowBatteryAlarm(){
double batteryLevel = Otto.getBatteryLevel();
if(batteryLevel<45){
Otto.putMouth(thunder);
Otto.bendTones (880, 2000, 1.04, 8, 3); //A5 = 880
delay(30);
Otto.bendTones (2000, 880, 1.02, 8, 3); //A5 = 880
Otto.clearMouth();
delay(500);
}
}
void OttoSleeping_withInterrupts(){
int bedPos_0[4]={100, 80, 60, 120};
Otto._moveServos(700, bedPos_0);
for(int i=0; i<4;i++){
Otto.putAnimationMouth(dreamMouth,0);
Otto.bendTones (100, 200, 1.04, 10, 10);
Otto.putAnimationMouth(dreamMouth,1);
Otto.bendTones (200, 300, 1.04, 10, 10);
Otto.putAnimationMouth(dreamMouth,2);
Otto.bendTones (300, 500, 1.04, 10, 10);
delay(500);
Otto.putAnimationMouth(dreamMouth,1);
Otto.bendTones (400, 250, 1.04, 10, 1);
Otto.putAnimationMouth(dreamMouth,0);
Otto.bendTones (250, 100, 1.04, 10, 1);
delay(500);
}
Otto.putMouth(lineMouth);
Otto.sing(S_cuddly);
Otto.home();
Otto.putMouth(happyOpen);
}
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发表于 2019-5-15 20:08