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[md]本文介绍在树莓派上使用python和qt开发一个显示ADC数据的GUI程序。开发环境使用PyCharm进行python代码远程开发,然后使用QtCreator编写QML界面。
#### 1、新建项目
##### 1.1、新建工程
打开PyCharm,新建工程adcMeasure,如下:
![](http://makerinchina.cn/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/image-20210905171119932.png)
##### 1.2、添加python主程序
adcMeasure.py 主程序如下:
```python
import os
import sys
from pathlib import Path
from PySide2.QtCore import Qt, QObject, Slot
from PySide2.QtQml import QQmlApplicationEngine
from PySide2.QtWidgets import QApplication
from adc_mcp3424 import MCP3424
class Controler(QObject):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.MCP3424 = MCP3424(6, address=0x68, rate=18)
@Slot()
def exit(self):
sys.exit()
@Slot(result=float)
def get_adc1(self):
adc1 = self.MCP3424.read_raw(1)
adc1 = adc1/100.00
# print("adc1:",adc1)
return adc1
......
if __name__=='__main__':
a = QApplication(sys.argv)
a.setOverrideCursor(Qt.BlankCursor)
engine = QQmlApplicationEngine()
controler = Controler()
context = engine.rootContext()
context.setContextProperty("_Controler", controler)
engine.load(os.fspath(Path(__file__).resolve().parent / "ui/adcMeasure.qml"))
if not engine.rootObjects():
sys.exit(-1)
sys.exit(a.exec_())
```
- 程序中新建一个Controler类,用于获取ADC数值,并将ADC值传递到GUI界面进行显示。
##### 1.3、添加界面文件
- 在项目中添加ui文件夹,并新建main.qml文件;
```css
import QtQuick 2.11
import QtQuick.Window 2.4
import QtQuick.Controls 2.4
import QtQuick.Controls.Styles 1.4
import QtQuick.Extras 1.4
import QtGraphicalEffects 1.0
import QtCharts 2.2
ApplicationWindow{
id:root
width: 800
height: 480
visible: true
// visibility: Window.FullScreen
background: Rectangle{
anchors.fill: parent
color: "#101010"
}
Button{
id:btnexit
background: Rectangle{
color: "#a01010"
anchors.fill: parent
radius:12
}
width: 48
height: 48
anchors{
top: parent.top
right: parent.right
topMargin: 8
rightMargin: 8
}
Text {
text: qsTr("X")
anchors.centerIn: parent
font{
pointSize: 32
}
color: "white"
}
onClicked: {
_Controler.exit();
}
}
Text {
id: title
text: qsTr("ADC Measure")
anchors{
top: parent.top
horizontalCenter: parent.horizontalCenter
topMargin: 20
}
font{
pointSize: 24
}
color: "#a0a0a0"
}
ChartView{
id:cv
width:600
height:400
anchors{
top:title.bottom
topMargin:10
left:parent.left
leftMargin:40
}
antialiasing: true
theme: ChartView.ChartThemeDark
property int timcnt: 0
property double valueCH1: 0
property double valueCH2: 0
property double valueCH3: 0
property double valueCH4: 0
ValueAxis{
id:xAxis
min: cv.timcnt < 10 ? 0 : cv.timcnt - 10
max: cv.timcnt < 10 ? 10 : cv.timcnt + 1
tickCount: 11
labelFormat: "%d"
}
ValueAxis{
id:yAxis
min: 0
max: 500
tickCount: 1
labelFormat: "%d"
}
LineSeries {
name: "CH1"
id:lines1
axisX: xAxis
axisY: yAxis
width: 3
color: "#1267D4"
}
LineSeries {
name: "CH2"
id:lines2
axisX: xAxis
axisY: yAxis
width: 3
color: "#8D7A1F"
}
LineSeries {
name: "CH3"
id:lines3
axisX: xAxis
axisY: yAxis
width: 3
color: "#8A1E1D"
}
LineSeries {
name: "CH4"
id:lines4
axisX: xAxis
axisY: yAxis
width: 3
color: "#C21FE4"
}
Timer{
id:tm
interval: 1000
repeat: true
running: true
onTriggered: {
cv.timcnt = cv.timcnt + 1
cv.valueCH1 = _Controler.get_adc1()
cv.valueCH2 = _Controler.get_adc2()
cv.valueCH3 = _Controler.get_adc3()
cv.valueCH4 = _Controler.get_adc4()
lines1.append(cv.timcnt,cv.valueCH1)
lines2.append(cv.timcnt,cv.valueCH2)
lines3.append(cv.timcnt,cv.valueCH3)
lines4.append(cv.timcnt,cv.valueCH4)
console.log("--------------------")
console.log("qml adc value1:",cv.valueCH1)
console.log("qml adc value2:",cv.valueCH2)
console.log("qml adc value3:",cv.valueCH3)
console.log("qml adc value4:",cv.valueCH4)
}
}
}
}
```
- 使用 ChartView 模块进行ADC数值显示,建立一个 Timer 定时器,每秒获取一次ADC值,然后添加到曲线中进行显示。
#### 2、执行程序
##### 2.1、上传程序到树莓派
在工程上右键将这个项目文件上传到树莓派中:
![](http://makerinchina.cn/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/image-20210905203510560.png)
##### 2.2、ADC硬件
树莓派连接一个I2C接口的ADC模块,这里使用的是MCP3424,它拥有四通道最大18位的精度。将四个可调变阻器连接到ADC四个通道上,这样通过调节电阻来测试变化的模拟值。
##### 2.3、执行程序
上传后,在树莓派对应文件夹中,执行如下命令执行程序:
```bash
python3 adcMeasure.py
```
执行后可以看到显示如下:
![](http://makerinchina.cn/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/image-20210905204036939.png)
当调节电阻时候,可以看到其变化曲线:
![](http://makerinchina.cn/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/image-20210905204223070.png)
> 完整代码:
>
> [github](https://github.com/makerinchina-iot/raspberry_pyside_notes/tree/master/adcMeasure)
- 视频效果:
<iframe src="//player.bilibili.com/player.html?aid=932817084&bvid=BV1jM4y1G7dy&cid=404046944&page=1" scrolling="no" border="0" frameborder="no" framespacing="0" allowfullscreen="true" style="width: 100%; height: 500px; max-width: 100%;align:center; padding:20px 0;" > </iframe>[/md]
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