Arduino学习笔记——1.串口输入
本帖最后由 chinason324 于 2020-9-30 09:08 编辑2020.9.30更新:
奈何大佬说的没错，像要实现图例中的效果，改成print()就行了，至于图例中的“i love arduino”其实是直接在输入框中输入了“i love arduino”。
我想得太复杂了，以为是输入了“arduino”，然后打印成了“i love arduino”
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参考《Arduino程序设计基础》示例运行后的效果并非例图所展示的：void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop()
{
if(Serial.available()>0)
{
char ch=Serial.read();
Serial.print("You input:");
Serial.println(ch);
}
}实际运行后，当输入字符串后，所输入的字符串会一个字母一个字母输出，因为Serial.read()函数返回的是字节：
data:image/png;base64,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
通过查阅Arudino官网提供的函数，找到Serial.readString()函数，重新定义string类型并用该函数替换，达到返回字符串的效果：
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop()
{
if(Serial.available()>0)
{
String ch=Serial.readString();
Serial.print("You input:");
Serial.println(ch);
}
}实际运行效果和例图一样了：
data:image/png;base64,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
图怎么挂了？ 哪个示例？ coloz 发表于 2020-9-28 22:47
哪个示例？
P70，关于串口输入的用法，图2-56 您好
你试过串口读取MODBUS的温湿度传感器没 chinason324 发表于 2020-9-28 23:20
P70，关于串口输入的用法，图2-56
书上的没问题，书上用的是print，你用的是println 奈何col 发表于 2020-9-29 09:01
书上的没问题，书上用的是print，你用的是println
用print确实实现了打印成字符串的效果，不过例图中有打印出"i love Arduino"，这个是如何实现的？ chinason324 发表于 2020-9-29 22:21
用print确实实现了打印成字符串的效果，不过例图中有打印出"i love Arduino"，这个是如何实现的？ ...
你输入啥就打印啥
奈何col 发表于 2020-9-30 08:54
你输入啥就打印啥
我想得太复杂了，以为是输入了“arduino”，然后打印成了“i love arduino”，谢谢大佬
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